Exploring the Indus Valley Civilization The Indus Valley Civilization, flourishing around 2500 BCE in present-day Pakistan and northwest India, is one of the earliest urban cultures. Known for its sophisticated cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, the civilization showcased advanced urban planning with grid-like streets, elaborate drainage systems, and impressive structures. Its people were skilled in craftwork, metallurgy, and long-distance trade, connecting with Mesopotamia and other regions.

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### Indus River Civilization and Sculpture Art The **Indus River Civilization**, also known as the **Indus Valley Civilization (IVC)**, is one of the earliest urban cultures in human history, flourishing between approximately **2600 BCE and 1900 BCE**. It was centered around the fertile plains of the **Indus River**, which flows through modern-day Pakistan and northwest India. The civilization is renowned for its advanced urban planning, sophisticated trade networks, and distinctive artistic exp